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The Crater Lake is a type of Caldera Lake located in southern part of Oregon in the United States. It is part of the main attraction of Crater Lake National Park. Its pristine crystal clear blue water attracts thousands of visitors into the region. It was formed around 7,700 years ago when Mount Mazama collapsed and the lake fills the caldera with 2, 148 feet of water.
The lake is unique as there are no river flowing into or from the lake. The only water source of the lake is from rainfall and snowfall. The entire water of the lake is replaced every 250 years. With a depth of 1,949 feet, Crater Lake is the deepest in the country and ranks as the ninth deepest lakes in the world when it comes to depth.
Furthermore, the lake is known for the ‘Old Man of the Lake’ which is a full sized tree and now a stump that’s been moving about vertically in the lake for over the past 100 years. The low temperature of the lake slowed down the wood decomposition process. This lengthens the life span of the bobbing tree.
There are two islands in Crater Lake, the Wizard Island, and the Phantom Ship. The wizard island is named not because it’s magical but for its shape, resembling a wizard hat. Similarly, the Phantom Ship is named because of its shape and it houses seven trees. Although there are no indigenous fish in the lake, authorities released some fish species into Crater Lake from the years 1888 to 1941.
Every year, around 500,000 people visit Crater Lake National Park to see the majestic beauty of its crystal clear blue water. The park spreads across 183,224 acres of land filled with trees, forests, and traces of volcano eruptions. Here are some of the interesting facts about Crater Lake.
1. One Child made it his mission to appoint Crater Park as a National Park
A child from Kansas named William Gladstone Steel read about the Crater Lake from a newspaper in 1870. From then on, he swore that he will visit the lake someday. In 1885, that dream came true, and upon seeing the beauty of the lake he vowed to make it as a national park. And on May 22, 1902, that dream finally happened, the government declared Crater Park as a national park.
2. The park was named after its shaped that took form from a collapsed volcano.
Before it was Crater Lake, the area used to be a volcano named Mount Mazama. The volcano erupted about 7,700 years ago and collapsed which formed a basin called caldera. The basin was eventually filled with water and snow. After some time, the area became the present day lake.
Snow really takes its time in Crater Lake National Park. It engulfs the whole area for eight months of the calendar year. The snow fall usually starts from October until June, but the common snowfall in the park is at 44 feet, and snow can last until the month of July. However, even with the cold weather, the lake does not entirely freeze. The last time it was completely frozen was in 1949 and came to a complete freeze in 1985.
4. Klamath People once considered Crater Lake as a Holy Ground
The Klamaths people and other Native American tribes considered the lake as a sacred ground and a spiritual place. They only allow people who possessed great strength and immense wisdom to view its ground. The lake also houses a 2,000 feet rock formation; they named it after one of the Spirit Chief, Lloa Rock. They believed that this spirit chief created the Crater Lake.
5. There are needle-like formations in Crater Lake
Other traces of volcanic activities are evident in the lake. After years of erosion, slim and tall rock formations are revealed in the Sand Creek Canyon. The needle-like formation is uncommon for volcanoes as it acts as vents for gas and steam that churned below the surface of the lake. The rising heat from the volcano solidified the ash and making these pumice figurines to stands over 50 feet.
6. You can find Pumice across the Northern part of the national park
The eruption of Mount Mazama was so massive that it sent an enormous amount of ash up in the sky. This propelling eruption created the Pumice Desert. The desert is at 50 feet deep after the eruption but is porous and cannot support ample plant life. But there are a few plants that found life in the harsh desert and somehow created a landscape.
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7. Crater Lake also has Pumice Castle formation on its grounds
Another great attraction in the park is the Pumice Castle that has a golden luster color of pumice extending on the eastern wall of the lake. It’s one of nature’ marvels that Mount Mazama created when it erupted thousands of years ago. Checkout Crater Lake:
Lakes are bodies of water contained in a basin and surrounded by land. Millions of lakes scattered all over the world. Lakes are formed in every kind of environment known to man; near the shoreline, plains, and mountains even in deserts. The water found in lakes either comes from snow, melting ice, streams, rain and groundwater outflow. Also, lakes contain mostly freshwater.
Moreover, lakes vary in sizes; some are just a few square meters others which are called ponds. Others are big enough to be called seas.
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How Lakes Are Formed
Movement in the Earth’s tectonic plates, glaciers, and volcanic activity create lakes. As well as the wind and river currents help to form lakes. Most of the lakes fill a low-lying area in the earth’s surface referred to as basins.
The movement in the Earth’s surface possibly in higher ground or mountain, hills or plateau creates depression along the rupture course. When the surface cracks or breaks faults may form. In time water filled these faults from rainfall or another source of water leakage which forms lakes.
Estimated about 20,000 years ago, glaciers started peaking in the Earth’s surface; subsequently, it began to slowly melt. Water from the glacier sheets retreating filled the low-lying areas within the Earth’s surface. Around 18,000 years ago melting glaciers formed numerous lakes in the Northern Hemisphere.
Volcanoes often form lakes. When a volcano becomes inactive, water or melted snow may fill the crater. This happens when precipitation occurs more quickly than evaporation. Occasionally the peak of the volcano may collapse or blown off leaving a hollow referred to as caldera. Rainwater may also fill the caldera and eventually became a lake.
Rivers also form lakes as they flow back and forth expansively across the plains which called meanders. As the river expands, it may create another way to circumvent a river leaving a body of still water, which also forms lakes.
Salt lakes or saline lakes were formed when water containing minerals and salt cannot leave because there is no natural outlet in the lake. The water with high level of salinity evaporates leaving the minerals behind.
When glacial ice blocks a river or a body of water it forms a lake. In the past, glacial ice dams created a massive surge of floods. Similarly, landslides can also form lakes since there will be a huge buildup of water behind the massive rocks.
Humans can also replicate nature. Man-made lake or reservoir usually serves the purpose of storing and collecting water. It is used for irrigation or for community water supply to protect them from drought or floods. Usually, engineers construct a dam across a flowing river to create a lake.
Few other lakes originated from sinkhole activity. A collapse in the outer layer of the earth can cause a depression or a hole in the ground. There are instances that these sinkholes are connected to a water leakage which fills them completely. Carved Lake Art is the go to place for nautical gifts. We offer custom laser cut wood maps, charts, and memorabilia like coffee tables and clocks. Check out our 3D Nautical Wood Chart Maps of the Great Lakes!
The Hawaiian Islands are known to have great beaches all around the region. Tourists flock the island like a bee to a flower, many enjoying the big waves for surfing and lounging to get a perfect tan. But the islands can offer far more than attraction. The islands also have its own fair share of history in ‘creating’ the world we now know.
The history and the formation of the Hawaiian Islands still marvel the modern day scientist. The Hawaiian Islands are well known as a result of volcanic activities over the past (million) years.
The extent of the volcanic activities over the past millions of years is seen evident under the Pacific Ocean floor. It stretches from the Hawaiian Islands to the Aleutian Trench. The size of the Hawaiian Ridge section is about 1,600 miles from the Hawaii Islands to the Midway Island in the northwestern part. If you measure it by land, it is about the distance of Denver, Colorado all the way to Washington, D.C. The amount of lava from the massive ridge is approximately 186,000 cubic miles. It can cover the entire state of California with a 1-mile thick layer.
Different tectonic plates made up the outer crust of the earth and it constantly moves over the surface of it. In some areas, where the plates converged together, a volcano may form. These volcanoes can sometimes form in the middle of the tectonic plate. Magma will rise up until it erupts on the sea floor; this occurrence is often referred as a “hot spot.”
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One such major incidence of a ‘hot spot’ happened to form the Hawaiian Islands, where magma rises in the middle of the Pacific Plate. The ‘hot spot’ itself is fixed but the tectonic plates continually move, it created a series of islands left in its wake. Thus, the Hawaiian Islands are formed.
Until today, the exact formation of the Hawaiian Islands still baffles scientist. However, they are quite certain that the process of forming the Hawaiian Islands started million years ago. Deep under the Pacific Ocean, the islands are fixed to one of the rocky tectonic plates. This plate is a hot spot that constantly expels hot magma with a temperature rising up to 2,500F or 1,400C.
Other times, this eruption can also form underwater volcanoes. When this hot lava reaches the cold ocean water, it transforms into a hard rock forming another island. As the tectonic plates creep along the earth’s surface it sometimes cut the lava source. The series of volcanic births and extinction left a trail of islands behind it. Scientist believed that the Hawaiian Islands are formed about 4.5 million years ago.
The Hawaiian Islands formed its own archipelago that stretches over 1,500 miles in the massive region of the North Pacific Ocean. How massive? The archipelago contains 132 islands, not to mention hundreds of shallow banks, shoals, atolls, reefs and seamount from the northwestern part of Kure Atoll to the southeastern part of Hawaii.
Another theory is that an asteroid may have caused the volcanic activity that created the islands. Nevertheless, Hawaii is considered as a location for active earthquakes year round.
One primary volcano created each of the Hawaiian Islands. But more than one volcano created many of those islands. Loihi serves as the youngest of the Hawaiian archipelago which is currently erupting at its peak at a depth of 1000 meter below the sea level.
The Big Islands contains 5 main volcanoes. These are Kilauea, Mauna Loa, Mauna Kea, Hualalai, and Kohala. The largest active volcano on the planet is Mauna Loa. While Kilauea is the most productive volcano in terms of how much lava it produces each year.
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In all of the islands, the major volcanoes are referred to as shield volcanoes. These volcanoes are named because of their low profile that looks like a warrior’s shield. The lava flows smoothly from the top going downwards.
The volcanoes in the Hawaiian Islands are known to expel basalt rock. These rocks are more fluid in liquid form compare to volcanoes that expel other minerals of as silica type magma such as dacite, andesite, and rhyolite. The fluidity of the magma flows also contains properties of thicker and sometimes shorter lava flows. This is one of the reasons why the Hawaiian volcanoes typically having sloping sides. The Hawaiian hot spot created the Hawaiian volcanoes which are currently on the Big Island of Hawaii.
Age of the Islands
The Hawaii Islands are located in the southeastern part of the archipelago and are the youngest of all in the series of islands. This part overlies the hot spot and still connected to the magma source that feeds the active volcanoes in the island. The active submarine volcano known as Loihi might be the source of the magma formation of the southeastern part of the hot spot. The other Hawaiian Islands moving towards the northwestward part, except the island of Maui, had long since cut off from the magma source.
The continuous movement of the islands towards northwestern part from the origin of the hot spot can indicate the ages of the different Hawaiian Island. The lava flows from northwest to the southeast which means, islands on the northwestern part of the archipelago are older that the southeastern part. In millions of years, Ni'ihau and Kaua'I Islands are about 5.6 to 3.8 million years old. The ages of the islands in millions of years are O’ahu about 3.4 to 2.2, Moloka'i, 1.8 to 1.3, Maui, 1.3 to 0.8; and the Hawaii as the youngest and still growing is less than .7.
Ages of the volcanoes
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Hawaii has five volcanoes, the oldest and the most inactive volcano is Kohala at the northwestern part of the island. It last erupted about 120,000 years ago. Mauna Kea is the second oldest volcano which last expelled lava about 4,000 years ago. The third oldest volcano in Hawaii is Hualalai which according to written history last erupted in 1800 to 1801. Lastly both Kilauea and Mauna Loa were active within the last two centuries. Correspondingly, Kilauea still continues to grow compared to its nearby neighbor Mauna Loa. Want To Take A Piece of the Hawaiian Islands With You?
This lightweight portable hammock easily inflates with air and can hold two people for 8 hours.
Summertime is great for getting out and enjoying the outdoors but it’s also great for hanging out next to a lake and relaxing. There isn’t a better way to enjoy the weather than laying in a hammock, but what do you do if you don’t have the trees for it? The WindPouch Go Inflatable Hammock is an awesome accessory that you can take anywhere and it won’t weigh you down.
Hiking or hitting up the beach is a breeze with this lightweight inflatable hammock. It weighs only 2.6 pounds and easily fits in any back pack or beach bag. To inflate it, you simply unroll it and wave it in the air and it inflates in just seconds. it will stay inflated for up to 8 hours and can hold up to 450 pounds and two people!
The polyester material is durable, which is good since you’re going to be putting it down on sand, rocks and grass and you don’t want it to rip or tear. It comes with a lifetime warranty as well so that you know you’re getting a great product.
Summer hangouts, beach getaways and just a nice day relaxing by the pool are some great ways to spend some time with the WindPouch inflatable hammock. You can buy yours on their website here or on Amazon.
In the past, the place was commonly spelled as ‘Skagua’. But a Washington D.C. bureaucrat changed it to ‘Skagway’ thinking the name was just misspelled. In just one day, Skagway was incorporated as a city in Alaska, setting back the record for Juneau.
The Gold Rush era paved the way for the popularity of Skagway. This attracted thousands of hopeful individuals to dig in the gold mines. By the year 1898, the population of Skagway ballooned to 10,000. However, it has diminished over the past few years. In the recent 2010 census, the population of the city was no greater than 920. But, the towns still maintain their historical district which attracts thousands of tourists aboard cruise ships to visit Skagway and experience a true Alaskan village.
Here’s some amazing facts about Skagway…
1. The owner of Nordstrom department stores, John Nordstrom got his first fortune during the Klondike Gold Rush. He sold his claim for $13,000 before relocation to Seattle to start his business.
2. The most famous villain of the Gold Rush era, Soapy Smith is a resident of Skagway.
3. It’s every driver’s dream to drive on a highway with no traffic. The closest stoplight from the city center is 100 miles away and is located in Whitehorse, Canada.
4. Unfortunately, McDonald’s is the only fast food chain in the area. You won’t get Big Mac’s anywhere else around this area.
5. The book ‘The Call of the Wild’ by Jack London, had traveled the Chilkoot Trail and made a claim in the Stewart River. He then wrote his experiences in his book. Some of the scenes from the movie adaptations were also shot in Dyea to give authenticity to the film.
6. Back then, at the peak of the Gold Rush Era, Skagway and Dyea competed for gold. Skagway won because of its efficient harbor and construction of the White Pass and Yukon Route Railroad.
7. More than 60,000 people died in Dyea and Skagway along its trails during the Gold Rush Era. This includes several hundred people who died because of a single avalanche.
8. The most photographed building in Skagway is the AB Hall. The hall is covered with more than 10,000 pieces of driftwood.
9. President Warren G. Harding is the only US President to visit Skagway. As a tribute, locals named the Harding Glacier after him. You can glimpse the glacier from the town of Skagway.
10. During the winter season, locals take turns opening only 1 restaurant per week.
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11. Skagway only houses 4 bars in the area, The Bonanza, The Red Onion Saloon, The Pizza Station and The Skagway Brewing Company.
12. Skagway also houses the oldest hotel in Alaska, the Golden North Hotel located on 3rd and Broadway. It was very popular during the Gold rush Era and the city restored it in the 1990s. If you are looking for thrills, visit the hotel…. locals say it’s haunted.
13. The city has a peculiar way of celebrating 4th of July. They have a race of rubber duckies in Pullen Pond as a fundraising activity. Hundreds of rubber duckies are released to compete with each other.
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14. About 2,000 people every year hike the Chilkoot trail which runs 33 miles long and typically takes about 3 to 5 days to finish. Hiker, Geoff Roes only took 5 hours and 27 minutes to complete the whole trek.
15. Another record that Skagway holds is the Guinness World Record for the most number of people tossing eggs at one time. 1,162 people joined the record-breaking activity that stretched from 2nd up to 8th street on Broadway in 2008.
16. Skagway relies heavily on the tourism industry and the numbers are staggering. Last year, the place hosted about 1 million visitors from cruise ships alone.
17. At any given time, Skagway can accommodate up to 5 boats. 2 on the railroad track, 1 on the ore dock, 1 on the Broadway dock and 1 at the ferry dock. The Skagway Harbor is known to have a steep drop off and it can even accommodate another boat in either of the docks.
18. Usually, Skagway only has a population of 400 residents, but the number swells up to 3000 people during the summer season.
19. For Starbucks and fast food fanatics, sorry… there are no franchises in the area. But you can order coffee in one of the local shops that ‘Proudly Serves Starbucks’ which is the closest you can get from the authentic one.
20. Radio Shack is the only chain store in Skagway. Radio Shack both caters to video rentals and a tanning salon. Sorry… no spas yet.
21. Ironman ready? every year, Skagway hosts a challenging relay race. It starts from Skagway and ends in Whitehorse. The race stretches about 110 miles along the Klondike Highway. The longest leg recorded is 16 miles and the steepest track has an elevation of 1768 feet for at least 5 miles.
22. Skagway has a tradition of sending off the final cruise ship on the last day of the summer season. Residents will line the dock and wave to the passengers to bid goodbye (until next season).
At the northern most point of the great state of Wisconsin lie the Apostle Islands; nuggets of pristine wilderness scattered throughout a tiny section of the great inland sea we call Lake Superior. Here, dotted amongst a horizon-less sea of clear, cold, aquamarine waters are islands with towering clay banks and forests as wild as legend; save a few lighthouses that once guided the captains of yesteryear safely to port. Wilderness. Solitude. Fish. Just another day at the office.
My name is Captain Tommy Hicks, Jr. I was born and raised in Ashland, WI and the great Gitche Gumee (particularly the Apostle Islands and Chequamegon Bay areas) is my home water. My father of the same nomenclature, a seasoned navigator and fisherman in his own right, started teaching me when I was quite young the skills necessary to navigate this formidable inland sea. Although I’m still fairly young, I have, nonetheless, spent a lifetime fishing Lake Superior. I am fortunate to have been able to turn my passion into my profession; starting Beyond the Catch Guide Service several years ago (beyondthecatch.com). It’s a great way to spend life; guiding people to lakers, brown trout, Coho salmon and the occasional steelhead in some of the most picturesque settings in all of Wisconsin.
During May way up here in the Apostles, the ice is long gone, but the waters of Superior remain cold, not only now, but for much of the year as well. On average, surface water temps at their peak in summer only climb into the 50s. Granted, there have been exceptions throughout the years, such as 2012 where water temps rose into the 70s during that particularly hot summer (one for the record books), but those are usually anomalies. On colder-than-usual years, water temperatures may struggle to get into the 40s.
So with cold water temps for a good portion of the year, and a fishery chock full of species that favor those temps, fishing for browns, Cohos and the like on Lake Superior in the Apostles can be done near shore for a good portion of the calendar. In May, the fish travel to near shore waters following smelt; a preferred forage.
Because of the target species’ affinity for pelagic baitfish, trolling is a preferred presentation method. Out of my 28 ft. Boulton (complete with heated wheelhouse and air-ride seats for those of you looking for a little comfort out on the greatest of Great Lakes) I run two mainlines, one port and one starboard. On the end of each mainline is a giant homemade planer board that pulls the mainline away from the boat. Through a series of clips my rod lines are attached to the mainline and sent back approximately 100 ft. with Rapala Scatter Raps, Countdowns, Husky Jerks, or your classic laker spoons on the business end. Most of my lines are flat lines, but I will sink a few lures on downriggers or dipsey divers if I want to fish deeper water. It’s good to cover all water and keep your options open.
When I have all my lines set (FYI it’s easier to set lines going into the wind) I typically will troll 2.5 to 3.5 mph depending on current and fish activity levels. Superior, being more of a great inland sea rather than a lake, is prone to currents known as a seiche; which is basically current caused by changes in atmospheric pressure. These currents will affect your trolling speed and proper bait presentation. Going into the current you can “slow your roll” because the baits will drive head on into the current and still produce the desired action at slower speeds. The opposite is true of trolling with the current; more speed to achieve optimal lure action.
This scenario plays out for most of May and June depending on water temperatures and forage movements. In June, fish can be found deeper as well as near shore, so it’s basically the choice of the fisherman if they want to battle a fish out of deep water, or stroll along the beautiful shorelines of the Apostle Islands. June is a month of opportunity for fishing success across all water columns as long as baitfish and water temps allow.
The Lake Superior regions around Ashland, Washburn, and Bayfield are some of the most beautiful regions in the state, and May and June can be prime time for both spectacular scenery and fishing. Catch and release trophy lakers and browns, with plenty of splake and Cohos for the table. The clear, cold waters of this giant oligotrophic freshwater inland sea harbor exceptional table fare as well as trophy caliber fish. Ashland, WI also caters to fisherman with superb bait shops and lodging; the likes of which can be found at the River Rock Inn and Bait Shop (riverrockinn.net) and Angler’s All (anglersallwisconsin.com).
If you’re looking for an adventure on BIG water with some of the most spectacular vistas around, the Apostle Islands might be the place you’ve had in mind. Wilderness and adventure way up at the top of the state; a place that feels as though it’s actually the top of the world.
Captain Tommy Hicks, Jr. has been a full time guide in the Ashland, WI area for the last 4 years. Considered to be one of the finest young captains in the area, he has expanded his career into several television appearances with various programs; most notably several outings with the Larry Smith Outdoors crew. Check out Beyond the Catch at beyondthecatch.com and also like them on Facebook.